May 2001

Volume 2, Issue 5

 

Editors:

Cherie W. Blackburn

Robert W. Pearce, Jr.

John C. McElwaine

 

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CyberWatch is an Internet Law Group news digest published as a service to Nelson Mullins’ clients and friends.  The articles are summaries of particular developments in the law and are not intended to be a solicitation or to render legal advice. This publication can be considered advertising under applicable laws


$3.9 Billion Internet Banking Fraud Busted

 The International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) announced the successful cracking of an online banking fraud schemeworth an estimated $3.9 billion.  Victims of the fraud were duped by bogus “get rich quick” schemes involving fake documents.  The ICC learned of the fraud when financial institutions alerted them to offers of European banking guaranties, worth between $50 million and $400 million, at highly-discounted prices on at least 29 different Web sites.  Through the ICC’s Commercial Crime Services member network, the bank guaranties were confirmed to be fraudulent.  Once this determination was made, the ICC notified Utah-based 50megs.com, the Internet Service Provider of the offending sites, and 50megs.com shut down the sites.  After the sites were closed, the matter was turned over to criminal investigators.  Four arrests have been made so far in San Francisco and Switzerland, and more may follow.

 Russian Hacker Makes Allegations Against Four U.S. Diplomats

 According to a story that appeared on the front page of Moskovsky Komsomolets, a Russian newspaper, diplomats at the U.S. Embassy in Moscow tried to hire a Russian hacker to break into the Russian Federal Security Service’s network.  A 20-year old hacker, identified only as “Vers,” said he was asked by four officials at the U.S. Embassy to hack into the Federal Security Service’s network to copy, alter and delete files.  Vers claims that the four officials offered him $10,000.00 for the job.  It is believed that the four officials were among the 50 diplomats ordered out of Russia in March in response to the United States’ expulsion of 50 Russian diplomats, following the Feb. 18, 2001 arrest of F.B.I. officer Robert Hanssen for espionage. 

Spurned Lover Jailed for E-mail Hijack

Chief Justice Yong Pung How ordered that Lim Siong Khee spend a year in a Singapore jail after bombarding his ex-girlfriend with obscene e-mails and hijacking her account.  Lim, a freelance computer consultant, was convicted of illegally accessing an e-mail account last year.  He began sending obscene e-mails to his journalist ex-girlfriend and eventually hijacked her account after a two-week relationship during a trip to Europe in March 2000.  He read her messages and used the account to send lewd e-mails to his former lover’s friends.  Chief Justice How called Lim Siong Khee a “nasty piece of work.” 

The New York Times Settles with the N.B.A. 

The New York Times and the National Basketball Association have reached a settlement in a lawsuit regarding who owns the right to sell newspaper photographs taken at basketball games.  The N.B.A., as well as other sports leagues, has argued that depictions of their events are their intellectual property and subject to their rules.  In response, news organizations including The New York Times, have stated that the pictures and information they gather are their own property, and that disseminating them is their right under the First Amendment.  Last spring, The New York Times began selling on its Web site a collection of photographs from its archives, including five photographs of the 1999 basketball playoffs.  In July 2000, the N.B.A. filed suit against The New York Times in the New York State Supreme Court, contending that selling the photographs breached a contract on the back of the journalists’ press passes.  The press pass label prohibits the use of information on pictures from the games except for reporting the news.  To settle the lawsuit, The New York Times and the N.B.A. agreed that The Times would display an N.B.A. logo on its Web site and in any advertisements for the photographs.  The Times also agreed to include a link to the N.B.A. on its Web site. 

MicroStrategy Spends $3.2 Million on Domain Names 

According to its annual report, MicroStrategy Inc., a Vienna-based software company, spent $3.2 million on Internet domain names in the 12-month period ending Dec. 31, 2000.  Among the domain names that MicroStrategy purchased are “glory.com,” “hope.com,” “courage.com,” “wisdom.com” and “idream.com.”  However, things are changing at MicroStrategy.  In early April, the company was forced to slash its workforce by one-third.  The company’s stock has plunged from $330 last year to $2.46 as of the second week of April.  Many companies snapped up dot-com addresses for investment purposes on the theory that they were a scarce resource.  A spokesperson for MicroStrategy stated that the company still believes the domain names are worth the price the company paid for them.  Although Micro Strategy would not disclose the amounts paid for the names, according to GreatDomains.com, a market place for domain names, “wisdom.com” sold for $475,000, “glory.com” sold for $115,000 and “speaker.com” sold for $120,000.  GreatDomains.com’s listing does not identify the buyers and sellers on these purchases and, thus, it is not clear whether these prices refer to Micro Strategy’s purchases or earlier transactions involving the same domains. 

Yahoo! Soon to be Porn-Free 

Over the next few weeks, Yahoo! plans to pull all pornography-related products from its site.  In addition, the company will stop selling ad banner to sellers of pornography.  This decision came two days after Yahoo! confirmed that it was selling adult entertainment products, such as movies on DVD and video.  Although Yahoo! did not directly own any inventory of these products, it sold third-party merchandise through its service, or let people auction products on its site for free.  Yahoo! has been under considerable scrutiny in the past few weeks following the Los Angeles Times report that the company was expanding its online sales into sex-related videos and DVDs.

CyberWatch by the Numbers 

34.2 million:   The number of federal tax returns filed electronically with the Internal Revenue Service—either online or by telephone—as of April 6, 2001, the most recent period for which statistics have been compiled. 

42 million:      The number of federal tax returns the IRS estimated would be filed electronically by the April 1, 2001 deadline. 

29.1 million:   The number of federal tax returns that were filed electronically in 1999. 

476,000:          The number of visits to the IRS Web site, IRS.gov, from home surfers on Sunday, April 15 2001. 

Hacker Steals 46,000 Client Records 

A computer criminal claims to have stolen personal information on 46,000 customers from Web-hosting company ADDR.com.  The stolen data includes account names, passwords and credit card information.  Several victims of the theft have reported finding thousands of dollars in fraudulent charges on their credit cards in recent weeks.  The criminal claims to have broken into ADDR.com’s computers and stolen the firm’s entire customer data base.  When contacted by MSNBC.com, he would only identify himself as a 26-year-old from The Netherlands, however, he provided evidence of his claim by e-mailing a portion of the stolen data amounting to 50 records.  According to MSNBC.com, the data appears to be legitimate.  MSNBC.com attempted to contact each of the 50  customers, and learned from at least four of the customers that fraudulent charges had been billed to their accounts.  ADDR.com is a large Web-hosting company that supports nearly 50,000 Web sites across the Internet, most of which are small business pages.  It is particularly popular because the monthly hosting fee of $7.95 is among the lowest rates available on the Internet. 

Value Line Sues Former Employee for Cybersmear 

Value Line, Inc. has brought suit against a former employee for criticizing the company and its chief executive officer on the Internet.  The company filed suit in Manhattan state court against a former research analyst and 10 anonymous parties listed as “John Does,” alleging that the defendants libeled and defamed the firm and its CEO Jean Bernhard Buttner, who owns 86 percent of the company.  Value Line is a money manager and fund researcher based in New York.  Two years ago, the company sued a former co-manager of its Value Line Aggressive Income Fund, after he called Mrs. Buttner an “old dodo,” among other things on an Internet message board.  Legal experts estimate that some 120 cybersmear suits have been filed across the country.  The only other Wall Street firm known to have filed such a suit is Credit Suisse First Boston, the investment-banking unit of Zurich’s Credit Suisse Group.

First Asian Language Web Dispute Settled 

A United Nations panel has ruled in favor of the Japanese pharmaceutical company Sankyo in the first dispute over an Internet domain name in an Asian alphabet.  An arbitrator for WIPO ordered the transfer of the two-character Japanese name which corresponds to “Sankyo.com,” previously registered by Zhu Jiajum.  Sankyo argued that it had been using its name for more than 100 years.  The company argued that Zhu Jiajum, who had registered the domain name, had also registered the names of other Japanese pharmaceutical companies, a fact which suggested that he was cybersquatting.  Domain names with characters of Asian languages, like Chinese, Japanese, and Korean, were introduced late last year as an alternative to English.  Others, including Arabic and Thai, are to be introduced soon. 

Government Web Sites Violate Consumer Privacy Rules 

Sen. Fred Thompson, chairman of the Senate Governmental Affairs Committee, is concerned that the Web sites run by the federal government continue to violate consumer privacy rules put into effect by the Clinton Administration.  A survey being conducted by the Inspector Generals’ office has determined that 64 sites continue to use “cookies,” which are small files stored on a Web site visitor’s computer that allow sites to recognize and track wanderings on the World Wide Web.  In June 2000, the Clinton Administration sharply restricted the use of cookies by federal Web sites, allowing their use only when an agency can demonstrate a “compelling need” to gather the data.  The inspector general for the Department of Education reported that half of the Department’s pages collect personal information and lack the required privacy policy.  Sen. Thompson said in a statement, "The federal government should be setting the standard for privacy protection in the Information Age.” 

Universal to Buy EMusic for $25 Million

Universal Music Group has agreed to buy MP3 retailer EMusic for nearly $25 million.  This news follows Universal’s announcement that Universal and Sony’s music-subscription joint venture, Duet, will be distributed by Yahoo!.  Now there is speculation that Universal will use EMusic as an additional outlet for Duet.  Although EMusic shares traded as high as $35 at their height nearly two ago, shares have recently been trading below $1.  EMusic operates the “RollingStone.com” and “Downbeat.com” Web sites, and has exclusive rights to a catalog of about 700 independent record labels. 

Canadian Government Institutes UDRP Proceeding

The Government of Canada is looking to the dispute resolution procedure established by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) to obtain the transfer of domain names that sound a great deal like the names of its own agencies.  After a year of threatening action against David Bedford, the government has filed a proceeding under the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) requesting the transfer of 32 domain names registered by Bedford, including “GovernmentOfCanada.com” and “TheGovernmentOfCanada.com.”  Although eResolution, of Montreal, Canada, is one of four organizations authorized by ICANN to settle UDRP cases, the Canadian government has filed its proceeding with the United Nations-backed World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).  WIPO has been a leader in developing the concept of common law trademark rights and was the first to hand over domain names to famous people who had not actually registered their names as trademarks.  In a controversial decision, WIPO ordered that the domain name “Barcelona.com” be transferred to the Spanish city of Barcelona.  However, in a subsequent decision, WIPO refused to order the transfer of the domain name “PortOfHelsinki.com.”  There are currently two cases related to the City of Brisbane, Australia pending before WIPO.  A spokesman for the Canadian government said that what is really at stake is the need for Web surfers to be able to visit an Internet address that appears to be related to a federal government department and find “legitimate information.”

Survey Finds Web Users Don’t Turn Down Cookies 

In the Internet world, “cookies” are not edible, rather they are used by Web sites to store information about visitors to the site.  Researchers at California-based Websidestory took a sample of one billion page views from high-volume sites during the month of February.  They found that cookies were rejected just 0.68 percent of the time.  Websidestory’s General Counsel and Chief Privacy Officer, Randy Broberg, admitted that some Web surfers may not be able to disable cookies in their browsers.  He stated, however, that such a minute percentage indicates that cookies are simply not a big concern among most Internet users.  Although Broberg did not address the issue, it is possible that Web users surrender to cookies because many things on a particular site would not work if the Web user did not surrender.  Although most dot-coms are keen on cookies and crave the information on consumers and visitors obtained, their use has raised continuing consumer privacy concerns. 

EDUCAUSE to Take Control of “.edu”

As a result of a recent decision by the Commerce Department, EDUCAUSE, a non-profit university technology consortium, will become the new gatekeeper of the Internet address for educational institutions.  EDUCAUSE replaces VeriSign as the assignor of Internet addresses ending in “.edu.”  VeriSign retains the right to assign addresses ending with “.com,” “.org,” and “.net.”  As managers of “.edu,” EDUCAUSE will be responsible for handling the registration of Web sites for colleges and universities.  The “.edu” domain category has been restricted to four-year colleges and universities almost since its inception.  However, several community colleges had obtained the “.edu” addresses before the restriction took affect.  EDUCAUSE plans to allow the rest of the community colleges to obtain the “.edu” address. 

More CyberWatch by the Numbers 

Fewer than 1,000:     The number of Internet-fraud complaints made through the FTC’s Consumer Sentinel database during 1997. 

Over 25,000:              The number of Internet-fraud complaints made through the FTC’s Consumer Sentinel database as of the end of 2000. 

170:                            The number of Internet-related cases that the FTC has brought since 1994. 

Credits: Newsletter, ABA Section of Intellectual Property Law, Vol. 5, No. 8 (April 2001); The Register; Newsbytes; The Standard; The Washington Post; MSNBC; The New York Times; C-NetNews.com; SiliconValley.com; Techonology.scmp.com; Las Vegas Sun; The Register; The Wall Street Journal